Incomplete tooth fracture

elicits dull, prolonged pain on chewing

most commonly involves the supporting cusps

can readily be diagnosed using transillumination

is associated with medium to largesized restorations

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The etiologic agent for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is

protozoan

fungal

viral

bacterial

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Patients with known prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease are characterized by

having an incubation time of 3-6 months for the disease

needing no additional sterilization precautions in the management of the patient

the disease being transmissible through air or casual contact with an infected patient

the disease usually being fatal within one year

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Twenty-four hours following the simple extraction of tooth 4.7, a patient presents with severe bleeding from the extraction site. The most likely cause of this bleeding is a/an

dry socket

undiagnosed coagulopathy

infection of the socket

disturbance of the hemostatic plug

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A patient presents with pain from tooth 4.7 which is an abutment for a 4 unit bridge from 4.4 to 4.7. Clinical and radiographic examinations reveal tooth 4.7 has extensive distal caries and apical rarefying osteitis. The most appropriate initial management is to

remove entire bridge and assess restorability of abutments

perform endodontic therapy through the 4.7 crown

prescribe an antibiotic and an analgesic and reappoint the patient

section the bridge at 4.4, remove 4.7 crown and assess 4.7.

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Post-immunization serological test results for a health care worker who has completed the series of vaccinations against hepatitis B reveals that their anti- HBsAg is less than the value required for immunity. The health care worker should

have liver function tests performed to assess liver damage from a previous hepatitis B infection

refrain from performing any exposure-prone procedures for a period of 3-6 months followed by a full series of hepatitis B vaccinations

receive one additional vaccination followed by post-immunization testing

repeat the full series of hepatitis B vaccinations followed by postimmunization testing

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When using forceps to extract a maxillary first molar, the forceps movement should be principally in the buccal direction because the

furcation is more accessible from the bucca

risk for sinus perforation is minimized

buccal roots are shorter than palatal root

buccal bone is thinner than the palatal bone

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Which of the following may be used to disinfect gutta-percha points?

Dry heat sterilization

Flame sterilization

Autoclave

Glass bead sterilizer

Chemical solutions

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Microbial virulence factors

are caused only by Gram-positive microbes

are always pathogenic

are produced by non-pathogenic microbes

include exotoxins, capsules, endotoxins and enzymes

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Pulpotomy is the treatment of choice in pulp exposures of asymptomatic vital teeth with incompletely formed apices. Pulp capping is the recommended procedure for carious exposures on primary teeth

Both statements are false

Both statements are true

The first statement is false, the second true

The first statement is true, the second false

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For composite resin preparations, cavosurface enamel margins are bevelled because 1. a bevelled margin produces a more favorable surface for etching. 2. a bevelled margin improves the edge strength of the composite resin. 3. after etching, the bonding agent reduces microleakage. 4. the procedure eliminates the need to polish the restoration

All of the above

(4) only

(2) and (4)

(1) (2) (3)

(1) and (3)

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If a complete occlusal adjustment is necessary, interferences should be corrected

during treatment

at the time of each restorative procedure

after all restorative procedures are completed

before starting any restorative treatment

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Pulpal response to cavity preparation depends upon 1. remaining dentin thickness. 2. coolant used while cutting. 3. sharpness of the bur. 4. duration of the operation

(3) and (4)

(2) and (3)

(1) and (3)

All of the above

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In composite resin restorations, polycarboxylate cements are used as a base because they are

biocompatible

neutral in colour

sedative to a hyperemic pulp

None of the above

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Odontoblast nuclei displacement into adjacent dentinal tubuli is thought to be 1. a reversible pathologic condition. 2. due to increased intrapulpal tissue pressure. 3. due to contraction of collagen fibres. 4. more frequent following the use of air coolant rather than water coolant. 5. one of the first histological changes following operative trauma

(4) only

(2) and (4)

(1) and (3)

(1) (2) (3)

All of the above

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A zinc oxide and eugenol cement placed beneath a metallic restoration serves as a 1. thermal insulator. 2. electrical insulator. 3. cavosurface margin seal. 4. medicinal benefit to the pulp

(1) (2) (3)

(2) (3) (4)

(1) (3) (4)

(1) (2) (4)

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Prior to the placement of polycarboxylate cement as a base for a restoration, the cavity preparation should be

thoroughly dried with warm air

cleaned with hydrofluoric acid

painted with cavity varnish

cleaned with water and air dried

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Aging of the pulp is evidenced by a relative increase in 1. vascularity. 2. nerve tissue. 3. cell numbers. 4. fibrous elements. 5. calcification

(3) (4) (5)

(1) and (3)

(1) (2) (3)

(4) and (5)

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Which of the following cells are characteristic of chronic inflammation of the dental pulp? 1. Neutrophils. 2. Eosinophils. 3. Lymphocytes. 4. Macrophages. 5. Plasma cells

(1) and (5)

(1) (4) (5)

(1) and (2)

(1) (2) (3)

(3) (4) (5)

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