Violation

An 8 year old patient presents with 4mm crowding of the mandibular incisors. The patient has a Class I malocclusion and the arches are well aligned. All cephalometric values are normal. The most appropriate management for this patient is

monitor and recall in 6 months.

perform pulpotomies and interproximal discing on the mandibular primary canines.

extract the primary mandibular canines only.

extract the primary mandibular canines and place a lower lingual holding arch.

Please describe the matter of abuse