A 9-year old boy is brought to the office for treatment immediately following a facial injury with a fracture of enamel only of a maxillary central incisor. The tooth tests completely negative to an electric pulp tester. This finding indicates that the tooth

is non-vital and endodontic therapy may save the tooth

may be only temporarily nonresponsive and should be checked at a later date.

is non-vital and should be extracted

probably has a root fracture and is not amenable to root canal therapy