Amides are metabolized by what type of reaction?

___?___ has the longest duration of action ofany dcntal local anesthetic prescntly available.

Opioids can ___?___ the systemic toxicity of local anesthetics

The ester local anesthetics are metabolized primarily in the:

Which statement best describes the mechalism of action of local anesthetics on the nerve axon?

Which form of a local anesthetic can readily penetrate tissue membranes?

Local anesthctics have no effects on potassium at the nerve axon.

Small. nonmyelinated nerve fibers, which conduct pain and temperature sensations, arc affected

Order of sensation loss from local anesthetics: 1. skeletal muscle tone (motor) 2. touch 3. pain 4. proprioception (pressure) 5. temperature

Procaine

Chloroprocaine

Tetracaine

Procaine

Chloroprocaine

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Mepivacaine (Carbocaine)

Prilocaine (Citanest)

Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Etidocaine (Duranest)

Tetracaine

Procaine pregnancy category

Chloroprocaine pregnancy category

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) pregnancy category

Prilocaine (Citanest) pregnancy category

Bupivacaine (Marcaine) pregnancy category

Etidocaine (Duranest) pregnancy category

Tetracaine pregnancy category

Chloral hydrate does relieve pain.

An ester grouping is essentially a bridge or link containing the

An amide grouping is essentially a bridge or link containing the

Only the ___?___ are presently available as dental injectable local anesthetic agent

___?___ is unusual in that it has a ketone linkage between the aromatic moiety and the rcst ofthe anesthetic molecule. It is used as a topical.

Diphenhydramine acts like local anesthetics and is:

Tetrodotoxin acts like local anesthetics and is:

Saxitoxin acts like local anesthetics and is:

Which of the following is a containdication or precaution to use of Prilocaine?

Which trical anesthetic has no place in the routine practice of dentistry?

Prilocaine produces ___?___ vasodilation than do equal amounts of Lidocaine

Local anesthetics theoretically should be less effective in acutely inflamed tissue than in normal tissue because in inflamed tissue what happens?

A dental rnesthetic carpule contains 1.8 ml of a 2% solution of lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. How much lidocline and epinephrine does the carpule contain?

When tissue conditions are normal (pH 7.4), approxrmately ___?___ portion of an infiltrated local anesthetic is in the form of the free base (non-ionized form).

1 ml of a 2% solution of lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine contains

Epinephrine (vasoconstrictor) is included in local anesthetics for the following reasons: 1. It prolongs the duration of action 2. It reduces toxicity 3. It reduces the rate of vascular absorption 4. lt provides a hemostatic effect to reduce bleeding at injection site

The maximal recommended adult dose of Lidocaine is 300 mg. How many milliliters of 2% Lidocaine need to be given to reach this level?

The maximum reconmended dose of a local anesthetic that can be administered to a child < 10 years of age is determined by

There are ___?___ mg of Lidocaine in every milliliter of 2% Lidocaine

Maximum recommended doses of 2% Lidocaince (Xylocaine)

Maximum recommended dose of 2% Lidocaince (Xylocaine)

Maximum recommended doses of 3% Mepivacaince (Carbocaine)

Maximum recommended doses of 3% Mepivacaince (Carbocaine)